光触媒知识

 

1、光触媒历史
1968年当时东京大学的研究生滕岛昭偶然的情况下发现了光触媒。
1999年由于纳米技术得到了突破性进展,光触媒终于正式登上了国际研究舞台。
2001年,光触媒产品全面介入家庭日常生活,并在短短的半年时间,迅速席卷欧美及东南亚发达国家和地区,成为家庭主要消费产品之一,而且奇迹般的以年平均4.6%递增。光触媒已经成为发达国家老幼皆知的环保代名词。并于年末,首次应用于美国空间站的空气净化。
2、光触媒是什么?
光触媒[Photocatalyst]是光[Photo=Light]+触媒(催化剂)[catalyst]的合成词。光触媒是一种以纳米级二氧化钛为代表的具有光催化功能的光半导体材料的总称,是当前国际上治理室内环境污染的最理想材料。
    光触媒在光的照射下,会产生类似光合作用的光催化反应,产生出氧化能力极强的自由氢氧基和活性氧,具有很强的光氧化还原功能,可氧化分解各种有机化合物和部分无机物,能破坏细菌的细胞膜和固化病毒的蛋白质,可杀灭细菌和分解有机污染物,把有机污染物分解成无污染的水(H2O)和二氧化碳(CO2),因而具有极强的杀菌、除臭、防霉、防污自洁、净化空气功能。
3、光触媒反应机理是什么?
   二氧化钛见光会产生正、负电子,正电子与空气当中的水分子结合产生氢氧自由基,实践证明,氢氧自由基具有强大的氧化分解能力,它能分解几乎所有的有机化合物和一部分的无机物,将它们分解成无害的二氧化碳及其他物质,而负电子与空气当中的氧结合会产生活性氧,也就是超级氧化离子,超级氧化离子也具有很强的氧化分解能力,它可以破坏细菌、霉菌这些有机物的细胞膜,固化病毒的蛋白质,在杀菌的同时还能分解细菌尸体上释放出的有害复合物。
4、光触媒有什么样的作用?光触媒作为一种新兴的空气净化产品,主要有以下功能 :
1.     空气净化功能:对甲醛、苯、氨气、二氧化硫、一氧化碳、氮氧化物等影响从类身体健康的有害有机物起到净化作用。
2.     杀菌功能:对大肠杆菌、黄色葡萄球菌等具有杀菌功效。在杀菌的同时还能分解由细菌死体上释放出的有害复合物。
3.     除臭功能:对香烟臭、厕所臭、垃圾臭、动物臭等具有除臭功效。
4.     防污功能:防止油污、灰尘等产生。对浴室中的霉菌、水锈、便器的黄碱及铁锈和涂染面褪色等现象同样具有防止其产生的功效。

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